Lignocellulose Nanofibril PCB Substrate (LCNF)

Fully biodegradable PCB substrate made from lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNF) derived from wood biorefinery byproduct. Produced via fibrillation and hornification — a thermal-pressure consolidation process using no synthetic binders. Natural lignin serves as the sole binder. Compostable at end-of-life while allowing separate recovery of metals and components. Flexural strength and electrical properties meet general electronics standards. Functional prototypes include RFID cards and a computer mouse. Developed under EU Horizon Europe HyPELignum project at Empa, Switzerland.

Famiglia
Bio-based Composite / Natural Fibre Material
Biodegradazione
Fully compostable after end-of-life; natural composting with separate metal/component recovery
Resistenza a trazione
63 MPa
Prestazioni elettriche
Volume resistivity 9×10³ Ω·cm at 85% RH (meets cellulose PCB standard ≥10³ Ω·cm); Thermal stability: decomposition onset 205°C; Dimensional stability ≤0.5%
Resistenza all'acqua
Moisture sensitivity — inherent to biodegradability, requires protective design for humid environments
TRL · valutazione BioNexus
TRL 4

Come si produce

LCNF fibrillation (10 kWh/kg) → hornification (30–120°C, 50–1500 kN) → inkjet printing of conductive traces. No synthetic resin/binders; natural lignin as sole binder.

Fonte di ricerca

Geiger T. et al., Printed circuit board substrates derived from lignocellulose nanofibrils for sustainable electronics applications, Scientific Reports (Nature), March 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-91653-1